Function of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) :: Politics Political Essays

Function of the nirvana sack Organization (PLO) Functioning as a Palestinian government, the Palestine LiberationOrganization (PLO) was founded in 1964 as a political corpse representing thePalestinians in their efforts to cultivate their country from the Israelis. Originally an umbrella organization of refugee and military groups, itwas lastly joined by professional, labour and student associations andalso by some individuals. The purpose of the PLO is to service of process the Palestinians to recover theirusurped homes and to replace Israel with a secular Palestinian state. Tothat end, it has been trusty for commando acts both in Israel and in early(a) countries. The PLO works through three move 1.the Executive Committee, a decision-making body 2.the Central Committee, an advisory body 3.the Palestine National Council which is generally viewed as anassembly of the Palestinian people Yasser Arafat has been the head of the PLO since 196 8. In 1974 at an Arab summit in Rabat, Morocco, the PLO was recognized asthe restore legitimate representative of the Palestinian people. Subsequentto this, Arafat addressed the United Nations where the organization was wedded official observer status. In 1970 the PLO commandos fought a short however bloody war with theJordanian army after which they were expelled from that country and settledin Lebanon. elfin by little, they became a state within a state, and socontributed to the disintegration of Lebanon after 1975. The aftermath of the Israeli invasion of Lebanon in 1982 was todisperse some 12,000 PLO members to Syria and other Arab countries. Thoseloyal to Arafat made their headquarters in Tunis, where an Israeli assailraid in 1985 severely damaged their headquarters and other buildings. Palestine is the ancient call of a Middle Eastern country situated on theeastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea. Its size has varied greatlythroughout its history and its take up borders are even now in dispute. Its location at the junction of trade routes linking three continentshas meant that it was a melting pot for religious and cultural influences.It has also, unfortunately, been a natural battleground for the regionspowerful states and thus subject to domination by them, the first of thesebeing Egypt in the third millennium BC.Function of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) Politics Political EssaysFunction of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) Functioning as a Palestinian government, the Palestine LiberationOrganization (PLO) was founded in 1964 as a political body representing thePalestinians in their efforts to reclaim their country from the Israelis. Originally an umbrella organization of refugee and military groups, itwas ultimately joined by professional, labour and student associations andalso by some individuals. The purpose of the PLO is to help the Palestinians to recover theirusurped homes and to repl ace Israel with a secular Palestinian state. Tothat end, it has been responsible for commando acts both in Israel and inother countries. The PLO works through three parts 1.the Executive Committee, a decision-making body 2.the Central Committee, an advisory body 3.the Palestine National Council which is generally viewed as anassembly of the Palestinian people Yasser Arafat has been the head of the PLO since 1968. In 1974 at an Arab summit in Rabat, Morocco, the PLO was recognized asthe sole legitimate representative of the Palestinian people. Subsequentto this, Arafat addressed the United Nations where the organization wasgiven official observer status. In 1970 the PLO commandos fought a short but bloody war with theJordanian army after which they were expelled from that country and settledin Lebanon. Little by little, they became a state within a state, and thuscontributed to the disintegration of Lebanon after 1975. The aftermath of the Isr aeli invasion of Lebanon in 1982 was todisperse some 12,000 PLO members to Syria and other Arab countries. Thoseloyal to Arafat made their headquarters in Tunis, where an Israeli bombingraid in 1985 severely damaged their headquarters and other buildings. Palestine is the ancient name of a Middle Eastern country situated on theeastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea. Its size has varied greatlythroughout its history and its exact borders are even now in dispute. Its location at the junction of trade routes linking three continentshas meant that it was a melting pot for religious and cultural influences.It has also, unfortunately, been a natural battleground for the regionspowerful states and thus subject to domination by them, the first of thesebeing Egypt in the third millennium BC.

Paper :: Essays Papers

Paper Since the recent terrorist attacks on the linked States of America, politicians and policy makers argon considering anti-terrorist legislation. This would include plans to implement a guinea pig identification card. The proposed national identification separate would include features such as magnetic strokes, holograms, and integrated circuits. This magnetic stripe is expected soon to contain a digitized fingerprint, retina scan, voice print, and other biometric identifiers, and it will leave an electronic trail every time you use it(1). I smack that since September 11, 2001, galore(postnominal) Americans feel insecure and unsafe. Research done by the Pew Research Center shows that, seven out of ten Americans favor a national-ID card program in which like the French system, the cards would have to be presented to the police upon demand(2). In fact there are many an(prenominal) developed countries that have a system of national ID cards such as Germany, France, Belgium, G reece, Luxembourg, Portugal, Spain, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand. It should also be noted that there are many developed countries that do not have such a system United States, Canada, New Zealand, Australia, Ireland, the Nordic countries, and Sweden. I think that the terrorist attack on the United States is unsettling. It makes you feel unsafe in your own country. I do not think that September 11 is a good reason for us to fit a national ID card. Lori Cole, executive director of the Eagle Forum states, We dont want to see Congress pass something in a hit because everyone is fearful to get on an airplane right now (3). I think that on February 20, 2002 Pramod Shrestha posted something on the discussion forum that was interesting intimately how national ID cards would combat terrorism, Several countries including Hong Kong, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand and in most European countries have already issued National ID Card System, however, no one has been able to signa lise any country where cards have deterred terrorists. If this is true then a national ID card system would not solve the problem it was proposed for. National ID cards have long been advocated as a means to enhance national security, unmask potential terrorists, and guard against illegal immigrants (4). In fact the chairman and chief operating officer of Oracle recently advocated the national ID card system as a way to address airport security. I do not think that national ID cards will solve the problems that it proposes.

The Different Reasons for Marriage Shown in Pride and Prejudice :: Pride and Prejudice Essays

Marriage was a central theme in Jane Austens book Pride andPrejudice as in her time man and wife was done when the women were quiteyoung. Jane Austen uses this book to express her emotion that womendidnt have much of a say in many things and they werent allowed towork and shouldnt learn. Jane Austins book shows us trio mainreasons to get matrimonial the first is that people should get married formoney, another reason to get married is for passion, and the finalreason to get married is to marry out of love.A financial wedding was a great prospect for Charlotte as she had anunknown amount of brothers and sisters and if her father died and shewasnt married she would have to resume money from her brothers, she in addition knew it was a good marriage with Mr Collins as he was to comeinto a lot of money very soon as the story say thatMr Collins present circumstance made it a most eligible match fortheir daughter, to whom they could give little fortune and hisprospects of future wealth y were passing fair.Lady Catherine De Bourgh doesnt believe in love as she wants allmarriages to stay in the family and she wanted to keep the wealth inthe family but she also didnt want her family to marry people inlower classes of work to be in her family.You have no regard, then, for the honour and credit fro my nephewUnfeeling, selfish girl Do you not consider that a connection withyou, must disgrace him in the eyes of everybody?Mrickham tries to marry Miss King but her parents successfully protecther, as he would gain about 10,000 pounds from her, he would thendivorce her and run off with Mr Bennets daughter Lydia for hispassionate needs, then Mr Darcy pays Mr Wickham to marry Lydia so thathe substructure marry Elizabeth.Mrs Bennet treats marriage as a business as she wants her daughters toget married so that if Mr Bennet should die they her family would havesomewhere to stay.The marriage between Mr and Mrs Gardiner is based on their love foreach other and their family, they show their love for their familywhen they give great advice to Elizabeth about Mr Darcy, also whenthey take Elizabeth around discover of England and go away look after her.When Mr Bingley and Jane meet each other they instantly fall in loveand meet much more often and will get married after a great deal ofobstacles put in they way by his sisters and one put in the way by Mr

Living In Space :: essays research papers fc

Living In SpaceEnergy Space is filled with beaming zilch andbeyond earths atmosphere this energy flow moresteadily and more intensely from the sun than thatwhich penetrates to the surface of the Earth. So anabundant and essential seed of energy thatwould be used in space for the space colonisationwould be solar radiation by developing satellitesolar world-beater move. To live in space, humansmust be protected from the fierce intensity andpenetrating wavelengths of unattenuated sunlight,but this same energy is one of the primaryresources of space. The colony will have to haveenough energy to maintain a fairly uniformtemperature even though it is apace. The sunshines twenty-four hours a mean solar day and is not dimmedby an atmosphere. Shaded substantives not exposedto direct sunlight will almost be at absolute zero.While the temperature in unkindly bodies exposedto the sun can soar above the boiling point. Thecolony will need to have both heaters and airconditioners. On the other hand, this suns energycan be converted into electricity in the colonies. Itwill be converted with ten percent efficiency toelectrical power which is sold at a rate of .012kw/hr, a squargon kilometer of space would returnmore than $14,000,000 each year. Convertingsolar power to electricity in space, we would pretendsatellite solar power stations that would interceptthe sunlight and convert it into electricity. Thesatellite solar power stations would interceptenough sunlight to fill in five nuclear reactors orcoal plants. The stations could be as big as ninemiles long and four miles wide and it would only regard twenty thousand tons. It would be built withhollow triangular girders made of aluminum that isvery fast and easy to build . Solar power satellitesare a pollution free way to generate electricity andcost no more than coal or nuclear energy. Therehas been twomajor designed stations made so far.One is designed by Peter Glaser of Author D.Little Inc., which would use very large arrays ofphoto voltaic cells to make the variety directlyinto energy. The other major design is by GordonWoodcock of Boeing Aircraft Corporation,proposed having conventional turbogeneratorsoperating on a Brayton cycle with helium as theworking fluid. The key result in the solar powerstations is solar cells, which does the actualconverting of energy into electricity. A usefulmaterial is found in lunar soil is atomic number 14 which isused to make solar cells. So we can produce alarge amount of these cells and then we can avoidany problems of shipping the material from earth.Cells convert sunlight directly into electricity andthis could be used to supply the electricity for the

Willa Cathers Death Comes for the Archbishop :: Willa Cather Death Comes for the Archbishop

Willa Cathers Death Comes for the ArchbishopIn a 1927 letter, Willa Cather wrote that her book, Death Comes for the Archbishop, that many of the reviews of this book begin with the statement This book is hard to classify. accordingly why bother? Many more assert vehemently that it is non a novel. Myself, I prefer to call it a narrative. (On Writing 12).The questions pertaining to whether or not it is a novel or why does Cather herself call it a narrative can be strange ones. First, breaking down the question of if it was or wasnt a novel. According to Websters New World College Dictionary, a novel means a relatively long fictional prose narrative with a more or less(prenominal) complex plot or pattern of events, about actions, feelings, motives, etc. of a group of characters.This definition of a novel pertains in every way to DCA, which leads the proofreader to question why would Cather say that it isnt a novel? Was she being sarcastic when she wrote this? In my opinion, the defin ition alone classifies DCA as a novel from the aspect that 1) it is a relatively long fictional prose, 2) it has a complex plot and pattern of events about a group of characters.However, if one was to look at Cathers view from other angle, one could see that DCA is not a novel through a variety of ways. One of these reasons is that DCA is broken down into ten books (including the prologue) ranging from 15-38 pages. When it is set up alike(p) this, the reader may interpret them to be read into a common day serial and take each book as a diverse story, even though Cather incorporates most of her characters throughout the book.Another question that the reader must ask herself about DCA is why is it a narrative? For one, the reader is fitting to act as the narrator by putting herself in the story. Cather is brilliant at using explicit details and descriptions that make the reader feel as though she is getting a first-hand look at what is going on.

Political Philosophy and Individualism Essay

Individualism is the moral stance, policy-making philosophy, ideology, or kindly outlook that emphasizes the moral expenditure of the individual. Individualists promote the exercise of ones goals and desires and so value independence and self-reliance and advocate that interests of the individual should achieve precedence everyplace the country or a sociable group, while opposing external interference upon ones own interests by society or institutions such as the government.Individualism makes the individual its focus and so starts with the fundamental premise that the human individual is of primary importance in the struggle for liberation. Individualism then involves the righteousness of the individual to meltdom and self-realization. An individualist enters into society to further his or her own interests, or at least demands the right to serve his or her own interests, without taking the interests of society into consideration.The individualist does not lend credence to any philosophy that requires the sacrifice of the self-interest of the individual for any higher social causes. Jean-Jacques Rousseau would argue, however, that his concept of general will in the social contract is not the simple collection of individual wills and precisely furthers the interests of the individual (the constraint of law itself would be beneficial for the individual, as the lack of respect for the law necessarily entails, in Rousseaus eyes, a form of ignorance and submission to ones passions instead of the like autonomy of reason).Individualists ar chiefly concerned with protecting individual autonomy against obligations imposed by social institutions (such as the state or religious morality). (Encyclopedia Britannica) Individualism, political and social philosophy that emphasizes the moral worth of the individual. Individualism once exhibited interesting national variations, but its various meanings have since largely merged. Following the upheaval of the french Revolution, laissez fairee was used pejoratively in Franceto signify the sources of social dissolution and anarchy and the elevation of individual interests above those of the collective.The terms negative connotation was employ by French reactionaries, nationalists, conservatives, liberals, and socialists alike, despite their different views of a feasible and desirable social order. In Germany, the ideas of individual uniqueness (Einzigkeit) and self-realizationin sum, the Romantic vox populi of individualitycontributed to the cult of individual genius and were later transformed into an organic theory of national fellowship. According to this view, state and society are not painted constructs erected on the basis of a social contract but instead unique and self-sufficient cultural wholes.In England, individualism encompassed religious nonconformism (i. e. , nonconformity with the Church of England) and economic liberalism in its various versions, including both laissez-fai re and moderate state-interventionist approaches. In the United States, individualism became part of the core American ideology by the 19th century, incorporating the influences of New England Puritanism, Jeffersonianism, and the philosophy of natural rights. American individualism was universalist and idealist but acquired a harsher edge as it became infused with elements of social Darwinism (i.e. , the survival of the fittest). broken in individualismextolled by Herbert Hoover during his presidential campaign in 1928was associated with usageal American values such as personal freedom,capitalism, and limited government. As mob Bryce, British ambassador to the United States (190713), wrote in The American Commonwealth (1888), Individualism, the love of enterprise, and the pride in personal freedom have been deemed by Americans not notwithstanding their choicest, but their peculiar and exclusive possession. The French aristocratic political philosopher Alexis de Tocqueville (18055 9) described individualism in terms of a kind of moderate selfishness that disposed earth to be concerned only with their own small circle of family and friends. Observing the workings of the American democratic tradition for Democracy in America (183540), Tocqueville wrote that by leading each citizen to isolate himself from his fellows and to draw apart with his family and friends, individualism sapped the virtues of public life, for which civic virtue and association were a suitable remedy.For the Swiss historian Jacob Burckhardt (181897), individualism signified the cult of privacy, which, combined with the growth of self-assertion, had given impulse to the highest individual development that flowered in the European Renaissance. The French sociologist Emile Durkheim (18581917) identified two types of individualism the utilitarian egoism of the English sociologist and philosopher Herbert Spencer (18201903), who, according to.Durkheim, reduced society to nothing more than a vast apparatus of production and exchange, and the rationalism of the German philosopher Immanuel Kant (17241804), the French philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau (17121788), and the French Revolutions Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen (1789), which has as its primary dogma the autonomy of reason and as its primary rite the doctrine of free enquiry. The Austrian economist F. A. Hayek (18991992), who favoured market processes and was distrustful of state intervention, distinguished what he called false from true individualism.False individualism, which was represented mainly by French and opposite continental European writers, is characterized by an exaggerated belief in the powers of individual reason and the scope of effective social planning and is a source of new-fangled socialism in contrast, true individualism, whose adherents included John Locke (16321704), Bernard de Mandeville (16701733), David Hume (171176), Adam Ferguson (17231816), Adam Smith (172390), and E dmund Burke(172997), maintained that the spontaneous collaboration of free men often creates things which are greater than their individual minds can ever fully comprehend and accepted that individuals must submit to the anonymous and seemingly irrational forces of society. Other aspects of individualism consult to a series of different questions about how to conceive the relation between collectivities and individuals. One such question focuses on how facts about the behaviour of groups, about social processes, and about large-scale historical events are to be explained. According to methodological individualism, a view advocated by Austrian-born British philosopher Karl Popper (190294), any explanation of such a fact ultimately must appeal to, or be stated in terms of, facts about individualsabout their beliefs, desires, and actions. A closely related view, sometimes called ontological individualism, is the thesis that social or historical groups, processes, and events are nothin g more than complexes of individuals and individual actions.Methodological individualism precludes explanations that appeal to social factors that cannot in sour be individualistically explained. Examples are Durkheims classic account of differential suicide rates in terms of degrees of social integration and the account of the relative incidence of protest movements in terms of the structure of political opportunities. Ontological individualism contrasts with various ways of seeing institutions and collectivities as reale. g. , the view of corporations or states as agents and the view of bureaucratic roles and rules or status groups as independent of individuals, both constraining and enabling individuals behaviour.An other(a) question that arises in debates over individualism is how objects of worth or value (i. e. , goods) in moral and political life are to be conceived. Some theorists, known as atomists, argue that no such goods are intrinsically common or communal, maintainin g instead that there are only individual goods that accrue to individuals. According to this perspective, morality and politics are merely the instruments by dint of which each individual attempts to secure such goods for himself. One example of this view is the conception of political authority as ultimately derived from or justified by a hypothetical contract between individuals, as in the political philosophy of Thomas Hobbes (15881679).Another is the idea, typical in economics and in other social sciences influenced by economics, that most social institutions and relationships can best be understood by assuming that individual behaviour is motivated primarily by self-interest. Individualism with its endorsement of private enjoyments and control of ones personal environment and its neglect of public involvement and communal attachment, has long been lamented and criticized from both the right and the left and from both religious and secular perspectives. Especially notable criti ques have been made by advocates of communitarianism, who tend to equate individualism with narcissism and selfishness.Likewise, thinkers in the tradition of republican political thoughtaccording to which power is best controlled by being dividedare disturbed by their perception that individualism deprives the state of the support and active involvement of citizens, thereby impairing democratic institutions. Individualism also has been thought to distinguish modern Western societies from premodern and non-Western ones, such as traditional India and China, where, it is said, the community or the nation is valued above the individual and an individuals role in the political and economic life of his community is largely firm by his membership in a specific class or caste.

Commentary: Moon Tiger, 1987, by Penelope Lively

-Make notes on health -Make case study notes on hydrology and coasts -Do past questions on coasts & hydrology -Do metrical composition essay -Plan kinder transport essay Commentary Moon Tiger, 1987, by Penelope Lively This monologue depicts the thoughts of an elderly woman who is dying in a hospital. She gives us a her views and description of lecture which shows us the importance it holds in her life. She talks about the history of language saying we open our mouths and out bunk course whose ancestries we do not even know. This shows that she cares greatly about terms and their origin and it is important to her that more people care about it as well.The rhyming of flow and know, may in addition have a humorous effect as it suggests that she is playing with the words. She also uptakes imagery to describe what words are equal saying they blow with the wind, hibernate, reawaken, shelter parasitic on the most unlikely hosts, survive and survive and survive. She personifies lang uage, comparing it to an animal or a embed that does not die but rejuvinates. This indicates how strongly she feels about language. She describes it as being immortal as it will never end. This might give an insight as to how she may feel about dying.She may want to survive her illness, hence the repetition of survive. The repetition of this word draws emphasis to it. She may hope to break on through her words. She continues to compare language, using metaphors, to other aspects of nature such as when she says it was like grains of sand on the shore, the leaves on the great ash outside my bedroom window, immeasurable and unconquerable. The use of the similies gives us an image of how vast and large language is as the decription depicts how timeless and endless words are.She also makes use of the strong adjectives, immeasurable and unconquerable and how much power language holds to her and maybe how she feels when she uses it. She depicts people as walking lexicons, objectifying th em. This may indicate that she cares more about language than people and suggests that she believes that words have a significant effect on peoples lives and shows the importance of it to her. Through this we take out a good awareness of her character. We see that she is quite a proud person. We get flashbacks of her life as a child when she is gloating over Gordon who ould not spell ANTIDISESTABLISHMENTARIANISM, the longest word in the dictionary. This shows how proud she is of her knowledge of language as she holds it over others. She also puts emphasis on the word which tells us more about how self-confident she is on the subject. She collected names of stars and plants such as Arcturus, Betelgeuse and toadflax. These words are not very common to come across and may also suggest how smug she is about how much she knows on language. Similarly, it may show how superior she feels knowing this information. It is her hobby to collect words which shows the importance of it in her li fe.Another flashback we get of her is when she is taking care of her daughter as a child. These flashbacks give us a sense of her backstory and her character. She admits to herself that she is not a good mother and uses the word revolting to describe her feelings towards children. This is quite a strong negative word to use towards children as most people love children and wouldnt describe them this way. It is also a great contrast to the way she talks about words and language. She talks about the excitement of language and how it is immeasurable and inconquerable.She clearly doesnt feel the homogeneous way about children as she describes them as boring and distracting. She gets impatient with her young daughter, correcting the inanities, who is barely able to pronounce words correctly. She uses plosives, saying , There are no such things as bow-wows and gee-gees. This shows that she is gettig irked by a minor problem with language and shows her intolerance. It also shows that she is a stern person. We are made to feel sympathetic for her at the beginning of the extract as she says, Today language abandonned me.This show how stranded she feels without being able to recall as much about language as she used to. She refers to it how she would refer to a friend that had left her. She continues on staring into a void, whih emphasises how empty and lonely she feels without it. She starts to list words, vase, cupoard, window, cutain, which also highlights the panic she feels when she is not able to remember simple words. Language has been her strong suit through life, her hobby and her friend and now it has abandonned her, she feels helpless.

Cyber Crime Law Essay

(a) Offenses against the confidentiality, integrity and availability of data processor data and systems(1) Illegal Access. The memory access to the whole or each unwrap of a data processor system without a chastise.(2) Illegal Interception. The interception made by technical means without right of either non-public contagious disease of information processing system data to, from, or within a computer system including electromagnetic emissions from a computer system carrying such computer data.(3) Data Interference. The well-educated or reckless alteration, damaging, deletion or deterioration of computer data, electronic document, or electronic data message, without right, including the introduction or transmission of viruses.(4) System Interference. The well-read alteration or reckless hindering or interference with the functioning of a computer or computer network by inputting, transmitting, damaging, deleting, deteriorating, altering or suppressing computer data or program, electronic document, or electronic data message, without right or authority, including the introduction or transmission of viruses.(5) Misuse of Devices.(i) The use, production, sale, procurement, importation, distribution, or otherwise making available, without right, of(aa) A device, including a computer program, designed or adapted primarily for the purpose of committing any of the offenses under this Act or(bb) A computer password, access code, or similar data by which the whole or any part of a computer system is capable of being accessed with disembodied spirit that it be used for the purpose of committing any of the offenses under this Act.(ii) The possession of an item referred to in paragraphs 5(i)(aa) or (bb) above with intent to use said devices for the purpose of committing any of the offenses under this section.(6) Cyber-squatting. The acquisition of a farming name over the internet in bad faith to profit, mislead, destroy reputation, and deprive others fro m registering the same, if such a domain name is(i) Similar, identical, or confusingly similar to an existing trademark registered with the appropriate government agency at the time of the domain name registration(ii) very(a) or in any way similar with the name of a person other than the registrant, in case of a personal name and(iii) Acquired without right or with intellectual property interests in it.(b) Computer-related Offenses(1) Computer-related Forgery. (i) The input, alteration, or deletion of any computer data without right resulting in inauthentic data with the intent that it be considered or acted upon for legal purposes as if it were authentic, regardless whether or not the data is directly readable and intelligible or(ii) The act of knowingly using computer data which is the product of computer-related forgery as defined herein, for the purpose of perpetuating a fraudulent or dishonest design.(2) Computer-related Fraud. The unauthorized input, alteration, or deletion of computer data or program or interference in the functioning of a computer system, causing pervert thereby with fraudulent intent Provided, That if nodamage has yet been caused, the penalty imposable shall be one (1) degree lower.(3) Computer-related Identity Theft. The intentional acquisition, use, misuse, transfer, possession, alteration or deletion of identifying information belonging to another, whether natural or juridical, without right Provided, That if no damage has yet been caused, the penalty imposable shall be one (1) degree lower.(c) Content-related Offenses(1) Cybersex. The willful engagement, maintenance, control, or operation, directly or indirectly, of any lascivious exhibition of versed organs or sexual activity, with the aid of a computer system, for favor or consideration.(2) Child Pornography. The unlawful or prohibited acts defined and punishable by Republic Act No. 9775 or the Anti-Child Pornography Act of 2009, committed through a computer system Provid ed, That the penalty to be imposed shall be (1) one degree higher than that provided for in Republic Act No. 9775.(3) Unsolicited Commercial Communications. The transmission of commercial electronic discourse with the use of computer system which seek to advertise, sell, or offer for sale products and services are prohibited unless(i) There is prior affirmative consent from the recipient or(ii) The uncomplicated intent of the communication is for service and/or administrative announcements from the sender to its existing users, subscribers or customers or(iii) The following conditions are present(aa) The commercial electronic communication contains a simple, valid, and reliable way for the recipient to reject. receipt of further commercial electronic messages (opt-out) from the same source(bb) The commercial electronic communication does not advisedly disguise the source of the electronic message and(cc) The commercial electronic communication does not purposely include misleadi ng information in any part of the message in order to induce the recipients to read the message.(4) Libel. The unlawful or prohibited acts of libel as defined in Article 355 of the Revised penal Code, as amended, committed through a computer system or any other similar means which may be devised in the future.SEC. 5. new(prenominal) Offenses. The following acts shall also constitute an offense(a) Aiding or Abetting in the Commission of Cybercrime. Any person who willfully abets or aids in the commission of any of the offenses enumerated in this Act shall be held liable.(b) Attempt in the Commission of Cybercrime. Any person who willfully attempts to commit any of the offenses enumerated in this Act shall be held liable.

Individualized Education Program Essay

Introduction precept is important for each kidskinren, hardly even more(prenominal) so for children with disabilities, whose social and economic opportunities whitethorn be exceptional (Aron & Loprest, 2012. ) Depending on the quality of breeding doors will open and the quality of life will whole be determined by ones education. over the last decades children with disabilities deal received some benefits under the education trunk. There is early identification of disabilities and greater inclusion. When educators intervene early, problems go off be identified, and if a child is identified with a learning disability corrective measures can be taken.Although modified education laws shake come a long delegacy, there be current and future challenges that have to be overcome. This area interests me because there are huge gaps educationally between disabled children and their non-disabled peers, and it is important that redundant education children progress to to their full potential. Historical Development and Current Legislation Within the last four decades legal changes have resulted in many major policies in the way of educating children with disabilities. Before the 1970s the children with disabilities had few educational rights. umpteen children with a disability were denied a public education. However, two federal laws that were enacted in 1975 would bring ab start changes. These laws were, The statement for All Handicapped Children Act (EHA) and the Individuals with Disabilities Act (IDEA). The EHA establishes a right to public education for all children regardless of disability, while the IDEA requires schools provide individualized or special(prenominal) education for children with qualifying disabilities (Correspondent, 2012). In 1990, Public Law 101-476 was enacted which renamed EHA to the Individuals with Disabilities knowledge Act.This law expanded the eligibility categories to include autism and traumatic brain injuries as well as defining assistive engineering science devices and services. In 1997, Public Law 105-17 frequently called IDEA 97 was enacted. This brought the transition plan of the Individual Education Plan (IEP) into effect. An IEP had to go under out goals and indicators to fit the ask of a disabled child. The IDEA in any case requires that education occur in the least restrictive environment and requires schools to take a childs disability into account when enforcing discipline (Correspondent, 2012).In 2001 and 2004, the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) came into being. This act held schools accountable for the quality of special education provided. This act also added technology assistance and loan programs to help schools acquire needed special education resources. According to Aron & Loprest, (2012), by the 200405 school year, more than 6. 7 million children (13. 8 percent of all students nationally) were receiving special education services through and through the law. The number of children served r apieceed the highest in the middle of the decade. Since then the number of special education students has been gradually declining, and as of the 200910, school year, stood at 6. 5 million, or 13. 1 percent, of all students educated in the USA. Current Best Practices in additional Education Best practices in special education are linked to the childs IEP. The No Child Left behind Act sets out guidelines for having each child achieve comparatively to other children without disabilities. Teachers need to follow through.Goals are set for each child and the curriculum is modified to take over each childs individual needs. The teaching process is designed to be fluid, so lessons are adjusted, supplement materials are utilized and best practices that are hold water by research are utilized. Students are taught in whole class, small group or on an individual basis as the need arises. Many special education students should be taught in inclusion classrooms. If the st udent has a special disability like Autism, the curriculum needs to be tailored to meet the needs of the student.Since there is network of persons responsible instructor, counselor, IEP team, parents and so on, they all need to work together, and there are several accountability measures that need to be followed. In relation to associations, The discipline Association of Special Education Teachers (NASET) is the only National Membership organization fortune the needs of special education teachers. The Council for Exceptional Children (CEC) is the largest internationalistic organization for both the gifted and students with disabilities.The National Association of Special Education Teachers (NASET) is an organization that provides a website with resources like certification, professional courses, e-journals and IEP issues and so on. There is also the National Center to Improve Practice in Special Education and the World associations of Persons with Disabilities. Special Technology and Future Trends Under IDEA, 2004, equal access to technology for all individuals irrespective of their abilities has been the focus. However, although technology in special education has improved within recent years with the focus being on assistive technology, more needs to be accomplished.An assistive service is defined as, any service that directly assists a child with a disability in the selection, acquisition, or uses of an assistive technology device (Bausch & Ault, 2008). On the other hand an assistive technology according to Lee & Templeton is defined as any item, piece of equipment, or product system that is used to increase, maintain, or improve the functional capabilities of a child with a disability. Service providers mustiness understand the nature of the disability whether cognitive, physical or sensory(a) impairments and recommend the appropriate assistive technology.Once a student is in need of an assistive technology device as recommended in the IEP, the schoo l must provide it at no cost to the parents. Lee & Templeton (2008), identify that Four major models that have had significant contribution to the delivery of AT services are The SETT (Student, Environment, Tasks, & Tools) Framework (Zabala, Bowser, & Korsten, 2004), Tech Points (Bowser & Reed, 1995), Chambers Model (Chamber, 1997), and Unifying Functional Model (Melichar & Blackhurst, 1993) (Cited in Lee & Templeton, p. 213).However, the law related to assistive technology is vague and providers are challenged to develop in force(p) AT services to meet needs. Many of the technological devices that have recently come on the market have been utilized successfully with special education students. For example, the communication challenges that many learners with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) screw have been resolved with newer technology like the iPad. Tools like the iPad can support learning for students with ASD. Children with autism have no control over the footprint of informat ion coming at them.Therefore in a regular classroom they would experience brain overload. However, with the iPad they can communicate about ideas, play games and even make puzzles. With the iPad children can utilize the interface unlike a laptop that uses a keyboard and a mouse. Many children with ASD cannot communicate or have limited communication skills therefore the iPad can serve as their voice and communication device. It can help the child to express his/her needs. All the child needs to do is touch a screen or point and sweep. The child touches a picture or wrangle and it speaks out loud for them.There are thousands of APPs out there. For example, the emotion app uses diagrams and photographs and can help people with autism who often have a hard time talk of the town to other people because they have difficulty reading someones facial cues. Improvements, Challenges, and Controversial Issues Educational Assessments as an Area of Improvement The passage of No Child Left Behin d meant that students identified as disabled should be included in State testing and the standard used to measure how well(p) they were performing should be the same as that used to measure progress of their non-disabled peers.However, although the results suggest some progress, there remain huge gaps between disabled and non-disabled peers. In the 2009 reading assessment for twelfth alumrs, 64 percent of students with disabilities but 24 percent of other students tested below basic proficiency in math 76 percent of students with disabilities and 34 percent of other students fell below basic proficiency. (Aron, 2012113). When other grade-levels are assessed they show similar gaps.There seems to be many different reasons for the lower scores among students with disabilities. The factors cited by one study were type of disability, cognitive ability, race, income, parental expectations, school absenteeism, and disciplinary problems. Grades, school mobility, and repeating a grade lev el were not significantly related to test scores (Aron, 2012113). Quality of Service as Improvement IDEA and Section 504 are thought to have improved access to education for young people with disabilities.This is attested to be the millions of children who are receiving service. However, critics suggest that special education programs are not always serving the right students, and further many students are not being identified in a timely manner and given the most appropriate and effective services (Aron & Loprest, 2012). Since African Americans are over represented it seems as if some children may be misdiagnosed and inappropriately placed in special education, while others may go unidentified or not receive the services they require.Undoubtedly, many students who eventually receive special education did not receive the early interference services to which they were entitled. Furthermore, transitions for young children from early childhood programs to preschool to school are not a lways smooth. When a child receiving Part C services reaches age two and a half, IDEA requires a meeting between the Part C service agency, parents, and the local education agency to determine continuing eligibility for special education services and to ensure a smooth effective transition to preschool.Critics opinion that this transition is not always timely. support as a Challenge Funding is a serious challenge. When IDEA was enacted, its intention was to help states provide special education by funding a portion of the additional, or excess, cost of special education over general education. The original legislation set the utmost federal contribution at 40 percent of the estimated excess cost of educating children with disabilities, but federal funding has never come close to this full funding cap. Resources are also limited.For example, states are allowed to serve children who are at risk of a developmental delay, but only four states have opted to do so, in part because of fun ding concerns (Aron & Loprest, 2012, p. 108). Parental Conflicts and Litigations as Controversial Issues Community Advocacy also seems also to present challenges. There seems to be a lot of parental conflict and confrontations since the inception of the IDEA. This is evident from the number of litigations involving parents of special education students.Schools should provide in-service sessions geared toward avoiding parental confrontation. Ballard and Hulett (2010) suggest that schools should reach out to a broader range of parent and professional education and human service clusters such as those representing all students, educationally disadvantaged students, English language learners, economically and socially disadvantaged students and students challenged in reading, math and science.Effort should also be made to bind the Internet in an effort to utilize this media of mass digital communication to further promote the objectives of the IDEA. In addition the authorities should p ay attention to the statement made by Ballard & Hewlett (2010), congress should order a national study and report. The charge How and to what degree the IDEA principle of individualized education can be applied to all students in the nation toward the achievement of proficiency by the NCLB date of school year 20132014.Why I Chose This Field and How It Relates To My Philosophy of Education and Future nonrecreational Goals I chose this field because I believe that through teaching, I can transform students lives and help them to fulfill their goals and in so doing help they make the maximum contribution to developing their country and the world. All students could learn and achieve to their full potential if they are allowed to progress at their own pace in quislingism with a knowledgeable teacher or peer who can provide the needed support to allow them to grow cognitively.All students include students with disabilities who are often not encouraged and provided with the resources to achieve to their potential. As a transformational teacher (Stevenson, 2010) I can assist special education students to develop to their full potential through collaboration, questioning and scaffolding. As a program instructor at my previous place of employment, I noticed that there was a great deal of three graders that performed poorly on an IQ test and they were not expected to do well academically.However, there was a fourth grade teacher that I worked close with and she convinced me that they had great potential and would provide extra support to ensure that they achieved. We placed them in the resource room to work in smaller groups until their levels in basic subjects had improved.This convinced me that students could learn if someone believed in them and provided the necessary support. I want to provide students with this scaffold. Scaffolding can be used as an comprehensive metaphor to describe the way that teachers or peers supply students with the tools they need in o rder to learn (Jacobs, 2001, p.125). According to Vygotsky (1978) students teach through, teacher learner collaboration and dialogue with teacher and peers.The teacher assists the student to reach the zone of proximal development. This zone is defined as the distance between the actual development by separate problem solving and the level of potential development (Vygotsky, 1978, p. 86. Cited in S. A. McLeod 2010). Transformational teachers are conceptualized as change agents who engage students in active learning activities (reading, writing, discussions), and who develop hypercritical thinking in students (Stevenson, 2010).Transformational teachers have mastered the art of classroom questioning. They therefore use inferential, interpretational, reflective, divergent, and transfer questions in the classroom and they teach students to ask questions (The Teaching Center, 2009). The gaps between what children with disabilities achieve in relation to their non-disabled peers need to be filled. All students could learn and achieve to their full potential if they are allowed to progress at their own pace in collaboration with a knowledgeable teacher who provides the needed support to allow them to grow cognitively.Through being a special education teacher I will make the above philosophy a reality. I aim to provide students with scaffolding or the support they need so they can realize their full potential. Furthermore, I aim to be a change agent in the classroom through utilizing active learning methods, encouraging questions and utilize technology and by being the catalyst that ignites a passion for learning in students. References Aron, L. & Loprest (2012). Disability and the Education System. Future of children. Vol. 22 (1). P. 97-122. Ballard, J. & Hulett, K. (2010). Future implications for Special Education Law.Council for Exceptional Children. Bausch, M. & Ault, M. (2008). helpful Technology Implementation Plan. A Tool for Improving Outcomes. Council f or Exceptional Children, 41(1) p. 6-14. (Correspondent, 2012) History of Special Education in the United States. Special Education News. Sept. 3rd, 2012. http//www. specialeducationnews. com Jacobs, G. (2001) Providing the Scaffold A Model for Early Childhood/Primary Teacher Preparation. Early Childhood Education Journal, Vol. 29 (2), p. 125-130. Lee, H. & Templeton, R. (2008). Ensuring equal access to technology Providing Assistive Technology for students with disabilities.Theory into Practice. 47, p. 212-219. McLeod, S. A. (2010). Zone of Proximal Development. Retrieved from http//www. simplypsychology. org/zone-of-Proximal-Development. html. Stevenson, J. R. (2010). Understanding the role of transformational teacher. Retrieved April 12, 2013, from http//Bethms. com/articles/pdf_articles/Stevenson_pdf/ The Teaching Center (2009). Washington University, Teaching Center. Wustl. edu Vygotsky, Lev S. (1978). Mind in society Development of high psychological processes. Edited by Cole, M. , John-Steiner, V. , Scribner, S. , Souberman, E. Cambridge, MA Harvard University Press.

Comparing Literature Poems

HAVISHAM In the numbers Havisham, Carol Ann Duffy presents the subject of this poem as an old, embittered woman with ropes on the back of her hands, while Browning presents the subject of his poem as a strong and determined unless very jealous and embittered young woman. The poem is written in the maiden person in the chassis of a dramatic monologue, The Laboratory by Robert Browning is also written in this form. Miss Havisham is aware of her own stink because she does not ever metamorphose her clothes or wash. She stays in bed and screams in denial.At other times she looks and asks herself who did this to her? She sometimes dreams almost tenderly or erotically of her lost lover, but when she wakes the hatred and anger return. Thinking of how she stabbed at the wedding cake she now wants to work out her revenge on the lover that betrayed her. Parent/Child affinity Compare the ways parent/child races are represented in Before You Were Mine by Carol Ann Duffy and three other po ems, one by Simon Armitage and any(prenominal) two from the Pre-1914 Poetry Bank.The relationship between a parent and a child can bring about any of a range of emotions. In The Affliction of Margaret, we see a parents desperation at not hearing from her missing son in seven years, while in On my introductory Sonne, the poet bids farewell to his dead son. In Before You Were Mine, the poet describes the effect her own birth had on the lifestyle of her mother, whereas My father thought it bloody queer describes a strained relationship between father and son.The differing structures of the poems affect their impact. Wordsworths structure for The Affliction of Margaret consists of eleven verses of seven lines each. How does Ben Jonson use language and structure to convey the message of the poem On my first Sonne? On my first Sonne is a poem where Jonson describes his reaction to sorrow when his first son dies. Jonson confronts conflict, loss and despair when Ben Jonson his best piece of poetrie was exacted by fate, on the in effect(p) day.He uses his son as an inspiration in this poem and describes his different stages that he has gone through by using language and structural features in this poem. The structural layout in this poem suggests that a progression of ideas is taking place. The first five lines indicate struggle, conflict, loss and despair. He experiences shock and guilt as he says, My sinne was too much hope of thee, loved boy.

Analysis of Documentary ” the End of the Line”

The end of the line The end of the line is a dismantle of a new wave of documentaries that not only crackk prizes at Film Festival and wasnt just primarily made to make gold but change the opinions of dozens of lot. What is happening to the world look for stocks is an under reported fill in and End of the Line seeks to address this problem and make the issue reportable. The picture palace was directed by Rupert Murray and narrated by Ted Danson. But the whole ingest is based on a book By Charles Clover himself a fisher who tells us about his happiness when he first caught a big great salmon .Other researchers , scientists and just fishermen travel around the world to get battalion to pay attention to the problem of factory fishing which has reduced and made some fish species extinct . In many ways this film is alike(p) a funeral for fish . The scientists predict that if we continue fishing as we are now , we leave see the end of most seafood by 2048 . The film conditions us around the fishing world to the places like Alaska , Canada , Senegal and Bahamas . The film presentation is less like an investigation but more about discovering the guilty criminals because of which fish is go away .The film defines them and we listen to expert witnesses who explains us about why those people are guilty . The documentary opens on a colourful ecosystem that immerses us into the viewer of the underwater world , shows us how this world swarming with life and how it is full of various kinds of fish . Credits calmly fade in and out of the picture as beautiful fish dart in and out of coral reefs, filling the screen with happiness and vibrancy. The credits finish rolling and the music that has been playing in the background transforms from cheerful to suspenseful and dramatic .Drab, gray colors suddenly replace the bright ones, and short scenes begin to flash in sync with the music. commodious boats charge through the sea like a tank rolling into a battlefield. A fishermans silhouette appears and he brandishes a knife, plunghing it into a flopping fish. Red, vibrant blood squirts e realwhere, even splashing onto the screen, and it drips from the knife of the fisherman . Quick cuts , dramatic close-ups , emotional music , and vivid details are all characteristics of this film .Colors and music in this documentary , that were mentiod earlier , are directed to convey a message of hatred and disgust towards anglers , even before a virtuoso word is said . The violent shots of fish being hit in the head, scratchs filled with flopping fish (complete with an unpleasant slapping sound), and knives creating gushing stab wounds in huge tuna are accompanied by slow, dramatic music and music that could be straight from a horror movie. One shot from within an underwater net shows a few fish with panicked faces, eyes wide, and mouths open, lunging toward the camera as if screaming, Let me out . In this film , fish is occasionally personified , making pe ople that are shown in scenes at sushi restaurants while eating seafood and talking about how they enjoy eating it and how they love fish , in interviews is represented as they are cannibalistic fish murderers . The diction in this film is mostly voice-over and interviewees . The definite attempt of voice-over is to manipulate the emotions of sense of hearing . What about the interwiewees , many of them are very wild about the issues presented in this documentary , and it shows in the word choice that they use .In the interviews what they do is that they are encouraging and persuading people to stop consuming fish in such big amounts as we do now , to stop fishing ilegally or reduce catch of fish , to prevent this tradegy , otherwise we will see the end of seafood . They also represent us the statistics that are intimidating . Those statistics and interwievs create a horrifying atmosphere and mood . The method of this film is to shock audience . This is the great move to engage pe ople , because it is a shock and fear that makes people be more serious and change the way they think and their worldview .And the dramatic music only feeds those feelings . As it was mentioned earlier the film takes part in different parts of the world . For example in Africa the fishing business is very well developed , but as they were asborbing and catching fish in large quantities this led them to a shotage of fish as well as to the personnel casualty of jobs . Since fish and fishing itself for them is one of the most important kinds of food and job , many fishermen were forced to go to Europe to infiltrate their families . And this is already one of the examples that the fish is being extincted .Another example that fish is being extincted is that some corporations and fishermen cheat because they can and dont get caught . In the documentary , a passionate Mielgo exposit the role of Mitsubishi thats located in Japan in the decline of bluefin tuna . He believes the company is stockpiling bluefin for the day when the species will be extinct and the price of their highly regarded flesh will skyrocket. The bluefin situation demonstrates what multinational corporations, international fishing policy, and consumer demand can do to a wild species.The film gives us a lot of information, using statistics, scientists, fishermen, and people associated with the fishing industry, which makes us feel truthfully about this film and believe it and to take their message and really try to make a difference in the underwater world . All in all the main aim of this film is to reach people , to make them to imagine an ocean without fish . Imagine their meals without seafood . Imagine the global consequences . To show that this is the future if we do not stop , the purpose is to make people think and act wisely .

Advanced Management

There is no ambiguity in saying that ripe(p) management is a plan, ploy, position, pattern and perspective as it balances internal progressions of organizations with external factors. The overall strategical management of organizations is indivisible from strategic management of traffichips, usually the accountability of the public relations or communication department.Strategic management rivets taking decisions and actions that resolve long-term organizational performance. The process comprises strategy formulation, completion, appraisal, and withstand. It underlines monitoring and assessing environmentally generated opportunities and restraints in light of organizational strengths and weaknesses.Essentially, progress management is a vehicle for giving forward-looking leadership concerning the most essential issues of concern to an organization and its surroundings in a very determined, efficient, and expensive manner.At the heart of the progression is the communal management of a strategic agenda that transforms as an organizations problems and opportunities transform. Effective groundbreaking management is a core form of strategic management needs intensive, continuous, and collective concern of senior management (Eadie and Stein bacher, 1985, p 425).The purpose of strategic management is to help formulate, implement, and pass judgment cross-functional decisions in such(prenominal) a way as to assist the organization in achieving its long-term objectives. The strategic management process is seen as an objective, logical and systematic approach for make major decisions in an organization (David, 1997 6) in which both analysis and intuition have a role to play.Another accepted perspective (Pearce and Robinson, 1997) emphasizes breeding flows through unified stages of analysis. It impliesThe interconnectedness of all process componentsThe sequential character of strategy formulation and implementationThe necessity of ongoing feedback to assess the s uccess of strategies as they are utiliseThe need to regard strategic management as a dynamic system (components of the process are constantly evolving formal planning must stop dead them to achieve its aims).http//www.ic.polyu.edu.hk/esh/KB/management_strategic/Koch(1999).pdf.Advanced management entails the configuration of a strategic management group to give leadership for the process. Characteristically, the framework of this group volition comprise the C.E.O., top-line managers, and pigment executive staff members. In a small organization, for example, the strategic management group might comprise the mayor or the city manager and the heads of many operating departments.It is the responsibility of the advanced management team to give the configuration for developing and modernizing strategic plans and for guiding their realization in all areas. As advanced management is a continuous process, the strategic management group must meet on a usual basis to confer strategies, mo nitor development, evaluate efficiency, and generally sustain a shared focus on the strategic agenda.This comprises identifying sensitively promising strategic issues, estimate problems and opportunities as they develop, adapting strategies, and giving direction and control over completion plans to preceding the strategic agenda efficiently. Sporadically, it may consequence in the development of new strategic initiatives.The business environment has transformed drastically since the advent of internet. Business organizations have undertaken extreme restructuring by modifying their means of communication and synchronization of work activities. Internet has made it promise for companies to work on a real-time basis, whereby products and services are conveyed to the right place at the right time.Since then, internet has propagated and has undergone signifi layaboutt improvements. Costs have sustained to decline as these new technologies have emerged. A business not supported by a netw ork of computer systems (primary information technology) is more or less destined to fail, since it will be incapable to compete efficiently in todays complex and dynamic environment.Companies are not the unaccompanied ones who have gained from advances in modern information technology. Con sum totalers and hobby groups have created strategic alliances and now capable to coordinate their activities as well as exchange ideas and thoughts through a number of database and network systems.For instance, owners of personal computers can subscribe to a computer network and without difficulty retrieve information on the products and corporations on line. Such information can also without problems be transmitted to other users.This huge use of internet by both consumers and companies affects, but the way business is run today. These consumer strategic alliances know no geographical limitations oftentimes, they are global in nature, particularly among the industrialized nations.As compani es can get in enormous profits from the better coordination, greater product elasticity, amend quality, leaner production, and more time-based competitoryness that internet offers, they also facades the threat that can come from these consumers strategic alliances. For instance, corporations can no longer ignore consumer demands for constant product quality, reliability and love for the environment, or timely delivery of services.As we move toward more and more advanced technologies, the labor force must be retrained. This training must not only expose workers to the technical matters adjoining the new process but also to the new focus of the organization.They have to be made responsive of the importance of advanced technology in improving work methods and in remaining competitive. Employee compulsion to the new process is imperative.Advanced technology by itself adds little or no take to be to an organization. There should be organizational as well as employee dedication to exp loit the technology to the maximum. For instance, with ever-increasing use of computer-integrated manufacturing systems, and the stream of technical documentation that accompanies it, employees have to be skilled of recognizing the critical information at the right time.Once that information is recognized and properly interpreted, there must be an organizational dedication to use the information to make better decisions. Without this potential, the organization cannot take advantage from internet.Advanced management, therefore, will persist to be a critical factor in the survival of any organization. We sum up the influence of information technology on human resources as followsInternet transforms the mode of communication and work processes.Custom or standardized operations are replaced with skilled and multi-skilled workers. An extremely trained labor force is desired to manage internet.Worker motivation and satisfaction might improve since workers are no longer restricted to rout ine operations, enjoy management powers, and can contribute to developments in their work processes.Internet also has an impact on the organization itself, as follows organizational reformation is required. This reformation makes the organization flat. Decision-making powers are decentralized.Communications are better and the organization is capable to make timely responses to its environment.Introduction of new products and services is improved and varieties of products can be efficiently introduced and marketed by the organization.The organization is competent to improve its efficiency, quality, and competitiveness.Todays advanced technology can, conversely, easily become a basic technology. A speedy increase of internet also brings rapid obsolescence of earlier technologies. Policies concerning internet must not be static they must keep evolving. Stalk (1988) points out that competitive advantage is a persistently moving target . . . The best competitors, the most thriving ones, know how to keep moving and always stay on the sculpture edge.

Autobiography – creative writing

I was riding my cycle chasing my mate like some(prenominal) 11year old kid dose when disaster strikes. It all started on a sunny Saturday morning when my friend Paul knocks at my house he said get your roll so I ask my tacit if I could take it out, bad decision. So I went out, most four hours later Paul decides he wants to tease me so me being me couldnt ignore him and chased him on my bike. I was just nearly to catch him when I went over a curb. The bike and me flew up in the air and somersaulted, I landed head foremost on to concrete then the bike fell on top of me, I screamed in pain Paul turned round and looked in shock for a few seconds.After he realised what had happened he ran in to get his silent. We lived close so when his mum came out he ran and got my mum & dad. Pauls mum came and put a pillow under my head by this time I was all most asleep. Every time I went to fall asleep Pauls mum said, wake up wake up. My dad came running down while my mum rang for an ambulance for close to ten minutes before the ambulance came they tried to keep me awake. When it finally came I blacked out. I have not got a clue what happened in the ambulance or when I got out of it. When I finally woke up it was about 430 p. m. , I still had not been seen by a doctor.When I did see a doctor he said that he would have to gum tree my head . I thought to myself glue I mean when you crack your head open you would think that youd have stitches not glue. When he pursue back he said he would have to cut my hair . I thought to myself first I crack my head open then I find out my head has to be glued and now I have to have my hair cut things could not get any worse. So I had my hair cut & head glued . By this time it was 630pm well-nigh 4 hours after I did my flip on my bike and by this time I was suddenly exhausted I had been thought a lot in one day.

Review of Marie Antoinette the Movie

Movie Review Marie Antoinette As we either known the reign of Queen Marie Antoinette ended quite brutally with her head being cut transfer during the French Revolution. However, this movie tries not to displace such gruesome details. It merely ends with the royal family in a carriage on their way to Paris or others susceptibility call it their doom. Marie Antoinette, the movie was scripted and directed by Sofia Coppola starring Bring It Ons, Kirsten Dunst. In this movie Kirsten Dunst portrays Marie Antoinette how many of us remember she was.My view of Marie Antoinette seems a little bit less innocent however. In this version of the royal families life story they arent mean or vindictive theyre plainly quite naive. They do not stool how much they are spending they just care about having fun and being care free. beingness a girl I personally love shoes and the shoes that Marie Antoinette had designed were beautiful. There was a large array of colors and styles that drew them ins tantly to the eye. As well as shoes the costumes in the film were beautiful. There were many different gowns in baby blue, pink, and cream.I extremely desire how in the scenes in the Retreat house Dunst wore white peasantry dresses that almost made her look angelic. Throughout the source of the movie there was quite a lot of comic relief. Whether it is from the kings mistress or something else. The best part by far is when Dunst is standing waiting to be dressed, naked, and her undergarments keep getting pass off because new women of higher class than the last keep coming into the room. Dunst is standing theyre halt trying to understand French society and so far she thinks its quite blatantly absurd.I dont blame her seeing as how these women are taking quite a enormous time coming in and taking their gloves off. If you were to only to watch the first half of the film you might even think it to be a comedy. Marie Antoinette was a lovely film. Filled with many twists and turns tha t were unexpected which in turn made the movie interesting and exciting to watch. Even though it runs for two long hours and xx horrific minutes, it does not seem so at all and you will be pleasantly lucky by the end I guarantee it.

Games for Young Learners

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION Many researches stated that learning a diction is repair get crackinged from early age because in this stage the children will be easier to acquire the lyric, sooner they start learning, more proficient they will be in employ the wrangle. Therefore, presently, incline is sneak ind starting from kindergarten and becomes one lesson grammatical case that must be taken in elementary school based on governments rule in Indonesia. In this level, the children atomic number 18 usu aloney called by young learners. Young learners argon those who honorable start the formal school until they argon in eleven or twelve years old.Teaching English for young learner is non easy task as it is seen because children are interested in gaming activity rather than listening to the instructor who talk in front of the secernate explaining something that they do non control. What usually happened in the classroom is that teacher damps so much speech in front of the cla ss and explains many theories and concepts of the lyric that the children do not understand about. Because of this causa, the children will start to get bored and shrink from with their friends and moderate chaos.Then, the teacher will surrender of facing chaos in the classroom and get wrathful until then scold to the children that will excourse to them detect afraid to study. It is not purely children mistake, but it is happened because teacher does not know how to coiffure the class and view as the childrens attention. The teacher should return that young learners are different from an adult. They are not interested in studying since they do not have penury from learning yet. They are interested in bet, story, tale, song, and other fun activities.In this case, the teacher should be able to manage the class as fun as possible and find an enjoyable ways to teaching the verbiage naturally. It good deal be done by designing an activity that takes their attention. Playing such kind of games could be a best way to get the childrens attention. Games are closed to children world and through these children can learn the language naturally since these activities will make them bespeak into the learning carry out. It means that they learn directly through listening, watching making interaction, and to a fault moving around. Children learn from an authentic material.This paper will utter how games can be an effective tool for learning activity. Through this paper, the writer expects that teacher can understand how game can bring many benefits if it is implemented in language learning classroom. CHAPTER II discipline 1. Games for Teaching Young Learners Children like compete games since it allow them to have fun and move around the class. They could involve in the games naturally since it is their world. Children could learn through playing and in playing they could interact and develop the language skills through communication.Games to a fault make a wonderful atmosphere in the classroom. Some researchers said that games could purify childrens learning and can be an effective tool for teaching the language. Besides that, games could be exceedingly motivate since games give competition and also dispute for them. Further, in playing the games they could use the language in real context that would make them have strong memory since games make children use the language preferably of thinking about the forms and concepts of the language.Wells (1981) stated that in working(a) on first language acquisition, found clear evidence that a child who has a lot of opportunities for negotiating meaning for making sure that he/she has in good put up understood what is being said develops language skills more rapidly than a child who does not. Gamescan realise these opportunities in the foreign language classroom by setting out situations where children urgently claim and fatality to communicate in order to have a turn at playing, to point out the rules, to challenge another player and so on. Games could cover many language skills.Through games, children can use the language directly, they also listen to the other in other to finish the games. Besides that, language aspects, such as grammar, expression and etc, could be involved in the games. It is based on the teachers imagination, creativity, and sensitivity to make the games become useful tool for learning. 2. The Advantages of Games for Teaching Young Learners There are some advantages of usinggames as classroom activity, they are a. Gamescould decrease anxiety of learning a new language and it will make the language transfer going smoothly.The children would not feel that they are under pressure. They learn the language in a good and relax atmosphere. In a good, relaxed atmosphere which is compeld, children would remember things faster, easier and better. b. Games are highly motivating and entertaining. In order interchanges, games bring more fun into t he classroom and could give motivation to students since games contain a challenge. c. Games give them new experience of using foreign language that would not available during regular language learning classroom. . Games involve all learners to participate. It means that silent students are also invited to participate and give their function in playing the game sp all students have the same opportunity to practice and use the language. e. Furthermore, games give different atmosphere to the classroom activities, break the ice and also can be used to introduce new ideas. According to (Vernon, www. teachingenglishgames. com), there are some reasons of using games for language learning, they are The first reason why games are so useful is that games make learning fun, children have willingness to participate and are not just present in class because they have to be. Students pay more attention because when they enjoy themselves, they do better, feel better about themselves, and do even better it is a learning cycle working in their favor. (Vernon, www. teachingenglishgames. com) Next reason is playing a game has a purpose and an outcome. In order to play, students have to say things. Therefore, they have a reason to communicate and this makes them want to know and learn more.In accompaniment to this, games stimulate and motivate children to a new level. They know that if they do not pay attention, they will not be able to play the game well and they will let their team down so they make more effort to join in and learn as much as possible. (Vernon, www. teachingenglishgames. com) The saw repetition is the mother of skill becomes very meaningful during the games in childrens language class as students get to use the language all the conviction with a lot of repetition. Although repetition is boring in some cases, during games it is fun for children.Also because of the fun involved in the game a massive amount of vocabulary and grammar can be revised in a sho rt time because it is very difficult for learners to remember vocabulary if they never use it. Furthermore, the physical movement involved in some of the games also helps keep children stimulated and alert. Children naturally have a lot of energy and are not good at attending formal lessons for long periods, and so if they participate in a game involving physical movements from time to time, they will never get impatient and bored.Most importantly, the philosophy of encouragement incorporated into these games increases confidence in all students. Usually this does not just mean they get better at only English, but in all subjects in school. This in turn makes the teachers more motivated and optimistic, and they can really make a difference in their lessons. (Vernon, www. teachingenglishgames. com) Apart from all this, language games like any other games involve learners in a healthy competition that can help them learn more. As long as no one is forced to participate, competition c an be positive and encourage player discovery, examination and learning. (Vernon, www. teachingenglishgames. com) Thus, creating the honest type of language games can foster this healthy, beneficial competition in the classroom. Finally language games create a bond between the teacher and their students, which is fulfilling for the teacher and students alike. In short, if used properly by the teacher, games are excellent ways whereby children have fun and at the same time acquire a language. (Vernon, www. teachingenglishgames. com) 3. How to enforce Games for Teaching In using games for language learning, there are something that should be considered by the teacher they are . Make sure that thegamesthat are going to be used have educational purpose. There is no point in playing a game just for the sake of playing a game. teacher needs to ensure that allgameshave some sort of teachingelement to it and already vary based on the syllabus purpose. For example, the popular game, Simo n Says can help listening skills, the students need to listen for the word Simon and the action of the word. Word bingo games also can help the students recognize any new words. b. Considering the level of the students.Teacher needs tousegamesthat are not only good for learningEnglishbut also games that challenging the students in some way. A game that is too easy for the students will have runty educational shelter and the students will become very bored. c. Choosing games based on the age of students. Chose a game that is appropriate for the age of the students whenteaching. Gamesthat adults find fun will not usually be fun for children and iniquity versa. d. Dont let the children choose the game If you ask the students to play a game that they know. Children tend choose a game with no educational value.You can always add educational value to yourgamesby insisting the loser answers a question, spells a word, etc. Ensure that your game is teachingat the same time as having fun e . Teacher should have an effort to vary the games. Students of all ages and qualification will get bored if you keep doing the same thing over and over again, this also applies when playing gamesforteachingEnglish to young learners. Many games can be downloaded free from many sources in the internet. In implementing games in the classroom, teacher should be able to give the children clear instruction about how to play the games.It is better to give them direct example rather than give long explanation that might make them feel confused. And also, although games are fun, using games for long period also can make the children feel bored since they resort the same activity for long period. The teacher should be creative in managing the class so everything could go smoothly. CHAPTER III CLOSURE After all, we can conclude that games as a teaching activity is not just a warm up and icebreaker activity but it can be the briny activity in the learning process.Besides that, using games in the classroom activity can make an emotive learning atmosphere because it gives many advantages for the language learning, such as creating a good atmosphere, learning process will be fun and cheerful because the class will be live up, etc. Games also will decrease the chaos that may be faced by the teacher. Besides that, Games create contextual learning for the students. Games that are made for learning activity is not simple as it seem since it need some consideration for making it appropriates to be used as the main activity in the classroom.REFERENCES Ara, Shaheen. (2009). utilisation of Songs, Rhymes and Games in Teaching English to Young Learners in Bangladesh. Journal of Linguistics 2,3 161-172 How to teach English using games. (n. d. ). Retrived December 11, 2011, from http//factoidz. com/how-to-teach-english-using-games/ Yolageldili, Gulin & Arikan, Arda. (2011). Effectiveness of Using Games in Teaching Grammar to Young Learners. Elementary Education Online 10,1 219-229 Ve rnon, S. A. Benefits of using games in the classroom. Retrieved on December 20, 2009, from www. teachingenglishgames. com

Philippine Quality Awards Essay

We confess Lyceum of the Philippines University Batangas- educational institution that has proven the old adage, The more you know, the more you arrogatet know- that success only opens our eyes to the many things that we idler do let on. And without doubt, it has continued to better itself, Pres. Benigno S. Aquino III said in his speech, during the 15th Philippine Quality Awards, Malacaan Palace, Dec 12.LPU is awarded with recognition for commitment to step management along with other three companies, Don Bosco Technical College, Optev, Inc., Thomson Reuters Corporation Pte. Ltd. Philippine Branch. This is the time when we be reminded just how important it is to improve our capacities. Whether theres an emergency or not, it is always vital to recognize those who take for not wavered on the path to self improvement, and that is precisely why we are here today. presumption the week weve just had, this event is a welcome step back- awarding companies in our country who be in p ossession of performed exceptionally well, Aquino cited.Patterned after Malcolm Baldridge National Quality Award, PQA (Philippine Quality Award) was institutionalized through commonwealth Act 9013, 2001. PQA grants recognition to public and private organizations and other stakeholders who strive to attain performance excellence.Companies like you have done a lot for our people. You have invested in them you have given them the platform on which they can impress the whole world with their talents, he further quoted. death chair Aquino emphasized in his speech that do in the Philippines are not inferior and urged that more Filipino companies should join in the battle against that rearwards attitude that used to say, Pwede na.I am certain that we will get to the point where our products and services, and nearly importantly, our people will truly shine in the world stage continuously., President Aquino concluded.Mr. Peter p. Laurel, LPU-B President received the PQA trophy. Also pre sent in the conferment ceremonies were Dr. Flora V. Javier ( Consultant for Special Projects and Planning/ Dean, nominate of Advanced Studies), Dr. Fe R. Medina ( VP for Institutional Affairs), Dr. Dexter R. Buted ( VP for LIMA Campus) and academic and non-academic heads.